Greenspan - The Case For The Defence Essays - Edward Greenspan

Greenspan - The Case For The Defence Greenspan - The Case For The Defence In-Depth Review My fascination with the Judicial System Structure of today's society was furthered and strengthened after reading and analyzing the works of Edward Greenspan. This superbly written biography recollecting past cases and important events in Greenspan's life allowed myself, the reader, to learn more about Jurisprudence and the Criminal Code. The entire casebook revolves around several main themes including the balance of Positive consience intervenes with his duty as a counsellor, and the alarming rate of perjury occuring in front of the juries. To be more concise and clear to the point, Greenspan's book is a diary of controversial and beneficial issues which have hovered around our criminal courts and will continue to plague and pester them for years to come. By observing and understanding certain issues presented in his book, I was able to comprehend what type of person Greenspan is, what he believes in, what he represents and what he would do for his profession. The wheels of Jurisprudence are always turning, and I came to realise how Greenspan worked and bargained for his status in the country to be solidified. This book also flourished with innovative situations pertaining to the most diversified of criminal charges, to the most uncanny regions of law ever dealt. It was this thorough look at Greenspan's life which impressed this reviewer the most. It was quite clear that after the fourth page, I came upon the conclusion that this casebook would create a most influential reaction to anyone who had displayed any interest towards our Law system in general. Part One of the novel, No Little Clients, presents the reader with the author's proposed thesis. His ambition is to defend innocent people accused of crimes. Whether they are innocent or guilty without being proven guilty is irrelevant to Mr. Greenspan. A lawyer's consience must not be his deciding factor when advising or counselling a client. T his viewpoint is elaborated in Part Two (Not Above The Fray) and explained frivolously by Greenspan himself. Throughout the entire novel, the theme bends and curves itself around different and unavoidable situations, but retains its original meaning that no one is guilty until proven so. Greenspan refers to this phrase countless times and explains to the reader that he will not allow his moral beliefs to conlfict with the path of justice (delicately and persuasively explained by both Greenspand and the co-author, George Jonas in Parts Four, Five and Six of the novel). Chapter 13, Playing God, emphatically displays Greenspan's concern with the treatment of his clients and the decision to push the client until he can make a decision that is in favour with the lawyer himself. The significance of this chapter is that the reader detects the amount of responsibility and endurance is required in order to become a successful pawn of the judicial system. At this point, Greenspan's thesis huddles itself around the principle of being a "Pawn of the System" and only serving the system without prejudice and socialistic conflicts. The authors begin their novel with several different themes which branch out and eventually combine. Walking The High Wire is an excellent chapter which focuses on the effects of intended falsehoods employed by the prosecution. When Greenspan takes on a case where the courtroom is changed into a stage for the benefit of a woman who allegedly is raped by his client, it is later realised that through careful investigation and newly discovered evidence, can the truth be used to assist the defendant in being acquitted. In the chapter And Nothing But The Truth, the author presents a situation where even those who enforce the law may lie to obtain a conviction of an innocent person. When two police officers re-create a false scene for the jury, the reader begins to understand why the author ponders upon different moral questions and creates circumsta ntial, yet fruitful answers. Like a detective fiction novel, Greenspan proves without a doubt that there is more than meets the eye in accepting and defending a client. As witnessed in the chapter Hi Mom, Guess Who's In Jail,

Human Resource Management Skills are Critical to Organisational Survival and Success

Human Resource Management Skills are Critical to Organisational Survival and Success Introduction Specialist human resource management skill is an important attribute that managers must possess in the present age of globalisation. It provides a playing field for an effective management of staff and enhances retention and turnover processes of an organisation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource Management Skills are Critical to Organisational Survival and Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More HRM also enables management to maximize effective utilization of employees through investment in identified human capital. Through HRM, an organisation can have increased performance, employee satisfaction and more shareholder value. Human resource management is defined as â€Å"a strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization’s most valued asset – the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of its objectives† ( Armstrong, 2006, p. 3). We can understand from the definition that HRM emphasizes people because they are a source of strength and competitive advantage for an organisation. The new trend in business is to strengthen human resource for it can lead to success and competitive advantage for the organisation. This paper aims to analyse HRM skills that a manager and employees should possess in order to enhance the organisation’s performance in the competitive world of business. HRM covers areas of recruitment, selection, staffing, performance evaluation processes, and philosophies and policies of an organisation. Critical Analysis A manager’s knowledge of HRM is significant to the attainment of the organisation’s goals and objectives. The manager has to maintain a good and effective rapport with his employees. The employees too have to establish a good communication with the customers. Meeting the needs and wants of customers is the job of both the manager and employ ees. The manager has to focus his knowledge and capabilities with identifying and selecting employees capable of implementing the organisation’s plans. Motivation is a part of a manager’s job and this is a very significant part of HRM. Without motivation employees do not function well. (Harris et al., 2003, p. 56)Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Effective management focuses on people. The manager and the workforce must work as a team and as a cohesive force, and should be flexible in satisfying the customers’ needs and wants. (Gulati and Oldroyd, 2005, p. 92) With flexibility, the focus is shifted to human resource. Effective management looks at managing people in many angles by answering questions like: How do employees work effectively? How can they be motivated? How can they work as a team? This first objective is on managers so that they ca n deliver the necessary management techniques to the employees. The next line of concentration is on the people or employees. Both managers and employees have to be prepared, and their preparation stems from the basic knowledge of their job and the organisation’s objectives. HRM Planning Another function of HRM is human resource planning which is concerned with identifying resources to the business needs of the organisation (Gold, 1999, p. 165). It meets human resource requirements by answering the questions: how many are needed in the organisation, and what particular skills and capabilities should the people possess? (Armstrong, 2006, p. 363) The manager also determines the number and type of employees needed in the team and where the labor supply should come from. Recruitment, training and development, and assignment of people are all in accordance with the organisation’s objectives. Existing employees can be trained, developed, redeployed, transferred or promoted f or future skill needs. New recruits should be carefully selected to ensure suitability for future positions. (Cray and Mallory, 1998, p. 7) The organisation’s objectives play a critical role in the staffing process. The manager should see to it that applicants meet the qualification standards of the organisation. Specification of the qualifications, identification of persons possessing those skills, and moving people into the job should be emphasized in the organisation’s staffing strategy (Miller, 1984, p. 58).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource Management Skills are Critical to Organisational Survival and Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More HRM emphasises the integration of traditional personnel functions including recruitment and selection and their management towards the strategic goals and objectives of the organisation. (Nankervis et al., 2009, p. 2) Human resource also needs to be integrated with organisational goals and corporate strategy. (Bratton, 1999, p. 11) Recruitment and Selection Recruitment includes planning, environmental scanning and analysis of organisational objectives, strategies and policies in order to ascertain the right quantity and quality of employees when and where necessary. This means forecasting human resources needs to ensure that the organisation has qualified people in the job. Recruitment and selection are an integral part of an organisation’s overall HRM strategy. HRM emphasises the integration of traditional personnel functions including recruitment and selection and their management towards the strategic goals and objectives of the organisation. (Compton et al., 2009, p. 2) Human resource planning is important to the organisation’s achieving its strategic goals. It is defined as â€Å"the process for ensuring that the human resource requirements of an organization are identified and plans are made for satisfyi ng those requirements† (Armstrong, 2006, p. 363). HRM functions and organisational objectives are linked through planning (Nankerviset al., 2009, p. 9). Training and Development Training and development are applied in a systematic way. The organisation is viewed as a system, and training as a subsystem. Training and development therefore should be an integral part of the system. (Kubr et al., 1989, p. 68) The objective of training and development focuses on the design and implementation of training systems to successfully impact organisational performance. (Smith Mazin, 2004, p. 65)Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A successful training programme takes the trainee through the difficult barrier to the final stage when he or she can perform all of the skills at once and can have the ability to think a stage in advance so that the trainee has control of the selling situation. Motivation In the workplace, workers can be very productive when they feel they are a part of a team, or part-owner of business. They feel this sense of belongingness and so they strive for the company’s success. This is one of the many kinds of motivation that affect individual behaviour in the workplace. People always connect work with life’s fulfillment, and connect their satisfaction at work with their feelings and satisfaction of life and happiness with their family. Work and life balance suggests a balance for life and what people do. Management should introduce worklife balance. This is because stress can cause ill-health and dysfunctionality. There is enough pressure in the workplace, added with all sor ts of pollution. (Firth, 2002, p. 46) Abraham Maslow (1943), who is the originator of the human-need theory, formulated the pyramid theory of need. He arranged it like a pyramid or ladder. Basic needs are at the bottom of the pyramid. As one set is met, the need moves up the ladder to the next. Performance Management Performance is something that an employee contributes to the organisation according to his/her own capabilities and talents. (Mead, 2005) Performance management is an HRM function that focuses on improving the performance of employees. It aims to emphasise their capabilities and individual talents that must contribute to the entire performance of the organisation. Performance management also aims to provide the means through which the staff can provide better results in such a way that the customers will be benefitted in the end (Armstrong, 2000, p. 1). Performance Appraisal Appraising individual employees is one aspect of needs assessment. Beaumont (1993, p. 74) argued that â€Å"the grounds (i.e. criteria) on which an employee is appraised should reflect the larger competitive strategy of the organization†. Indeed, it would certainly reflect on the organisation’s strategic development. Beaumont (1993) further states that some of the leading advocates of Total Quality Management are highly critical of performance appraisals based on individual employees. Line managers appraise their employees and in turn, they are being appraised by their own superiors. Conclusion The functions discussed in this paper are specialist HRM skills that are significant in the survival and success of an organisation. Managers and employees should have these capabilities and skills in running an organisation. Human resource management is a major function that strengthens an organisation. It is created to promote and pursue the aims and objectives of an organisation. An organisation cannot function well without an effective human resource. References Armstr ong, M., 2006. A handbook of human resource management practice. London: Kogan Page Limited. Beaumont, P., 1993. Human Resource Management: Key Concepts and Skills. California: Sage Publications. Bratton, J., 1999. Human resource management phenomenon. In J. Bratton and J. Gold, Human resource management: theory and practice. London: MacMillian Press Ltd. Compton, R. et al., 2009. Effective recruitment and selection practices (5th ed.). Australia: CCH Australia. Cray, D. and Mallory, G., 1998. Making sense of managing culture. London: International London Business Press Inc. Firth, D., 2002. Life and Work Express. United Kingdom: Capstone Publishing. Gold, J., 1999. Human resource planning. In J. Bratton and J. Gold, Human resource management: theory and practice, p. 165. London: MacMillian Press Ltd. Gulati, R. and Oldroyd, J., 2005. The quest for customer focus. Harvard Business Review [e-journal], Available through: City University London . Harris, H., Brewster, C., and Sparrow, P., 2003. International Human Resource Management. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. Kubr, M., Prokopenko, J. International Labour Office, Ed., 1989. Diagnosing Management Training and Development Needs: Concepts and Techniques. International Labour Organization. Maslow, A. H., 1943. A theory of human motivation. In F. Goble, Ed., The third force: the psychology of Abraham Maslow, pp. 233-6. United States of America: Zorba Press. Mead, R., 2005. International management: cross-cultural dimensions. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing. Miller, E., 1984. Strategic staffing. In C. Fombrun, N. Tichy, M Devanna (Eds.), Strategic human resource management. United States of America: John Wiley Sons. Nankervis, A., Compton, R., and Morrissey, B., 2009. Effective recruitment and selection practices (5th ed.). Australia: CCH Australia. Smith, S. and Mazin, R., 2004. The HR answer book: an indispensable guide for managers and human resources professionals. New York: AMAC OM Div. American Management Association.

Operational Planning Coursework 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Operational Planning Coursework 1 - Essay Example The situation where executive protection is needed: The situation for which security arrangement is required is the visit by one of a renowned author from the US to Peshawar in Pakistan, which has recently undergone severe security problems and has been labeled as a terrorist country. The author is a renowned dignitary and, thus, has an executive status. Therefore, he requires executive protection. â€Å"Executive protection is an approach, using common sense, awareness, personnel, procedures, systems and advanced technology to protect an individual or group of people. Executive protection is not a confrontation driven program, but rather an anticipated and projected response to an unavoidable situation. Stopping an attack, avoid confrontation and keeping the principal out of danger and harm’s way is the task of the executive protection officer† (Hunsicker, 2007, P.160). Even though Pakistan is known as a country which cherishes literature and poetry, and has a large nu mber of renowned authors and poets in the country, the recent terrorist activities require that executive protection should be provided to the author. Here, the client is a VIP as he is a well known personality. Therefore, he requires executive protection. ... The task of providing security begins from the New York Airport, from where the author begins his trip to Pakistan on March 1 2011 and last till March 5, 2011. The executive protection service needs to be maintained till the March 6, 2011 when the author is out of the New York airport at 8 am in the morning. Pakistan has the record of terrorists targeting foreign dignitaries’ and, therefore, executive protection is mandatory for the author who visits from the US. All expenses for the executive protection will be paid by the client himself and the author’s circle that he runs. Therefore, the security advisor’s role is imperative and it is very important to prepare an operational plan in order to execute the task in an organized manner. The task of providing executive protection needs careful planning and meticulous operation. This operational planning calls for an appropriate integration of manpower, equipments and carefully designed guidelines for execution. Defi nition of the Operational Plan: The operational plan is a portrayal of the mission, vision and goals of a task or an organization. In brief, the operational plan should have clear and well defined objectives of the task. The activities which are necessary to accomplish the task must be mentioned in detail. The operation plan contains the resources needed in order to complete the task like the manpower and other resources needed to complete the task. The operational plan also needs to analyze the risk involved in the successful completion of a task. Such a plan is the most important element of a business plan. It is also a strategic plan which explains to the reader in what steps, using what resources, the estimated

Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Finance - Essay Example SOCAR also acts as the major rights holder in the oil and gas industry. It also acts as a government mean to control the oil and gas sector in the state of Azerbaijani. Oil exploration in the Caspian sea began in the year 1992 when the Kazakhstan government announced an oil exploration project in the Caspian sea. The Caspian  Oilfields Development Project has an oil exploration scope of operation in the whole of the Azerbaijan state. The area under the project is broken down into oil fields all of which are controlled by the government through the SOCAR. The oil fields include Chirag Oil Project (COP), Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli (ACG) field, West Azeri, East Azeri, Deep water Gunashli, Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC), Shah Deniz, and South Caucacus Pipeline and Itochu Oil Exploration (Azerbaijan). Most of the oil fields are based in the sea region. This crude oil pipeline stretches 1,768km in length from Baku in Azerbaijan to Ceyhan, Turkey on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea by way of Tbil isi, Georgia and can handle 1.2 million barrels of oil per day. The project has a direct and immediate control of the Caspian Sea where there have been oil discoveries. The scope of operation of all the contractors is based on SOCAR grants to the Contractors the sole and exclusive right to conduct Petroleum Operations within and with respect to the Contract Area in accordance with the terms of their Contracts (including those terms set forth in Article XV of the Azerbaijan constitution) and during the term thereof. Budgeting on the Caspian oilfields development project depends fully on the current financial results and the oil developments in the area. If new wells are discovered then additional capital is required to drill the oil and gas (CEE Bankwatch, 2012, pg 43). . With first three stages as rolled out in the country’s strategic programme completed and 7  operational platforms functional, total production from Azeri-Chirag Guneshli is more than 1 million barrels (160, 000  m3) a day. As per BP's report, Chirag had 19  wells in operation with an overall production of 105,300 bbl/d (16,740  m3/d). Central Azeri had 18 wells with production of 185,800 bbl/d. West Azeri (WA) had 18  wells in operation (14 of which are oil producers and 4 - water injectors with production of 275,200 barrels per day (43,750  m3/d). East Azeri (EA) had 13  wells in operation with overall production 139,400 barrels per day (22,160  m3/d) for the first three quarters of 2009. Deep Water Gunashli had 17  wells (9  oil producers and 8  water injectors) in operation with production of 116,400 barrels per day (18,510  m3/d) of oil. Since 1995 the Government of Azerbaijan together with IMF and World Bank have implemented structural adjustment and sector oriented programmes. The oil sector has been recognized as promising in that the sources of Azerbaijani medium term development projected that at end of the millennium GDP will double based on income from the oil sector. The government budget greatly relies on oil revenues for financial soundness. On average, it makes around 50% of income in the budget. The Bp company currently holds a stake of 34.13% as a mean of the stakes in all the oil fields where it is hugely significant. The structure of the early oil and full field development projec

Changes in Britains Society during WWII Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Changes in Britains Society during WWII - Essay Example Men were now called upon to not only take up arms but also to till the land, to provide rations to the fighting force, and to make weapons. Every man had to contribute to the war effort, be it by joining the armed forces or making weapons. The Second World War was and is the topic of much speculation, debate and inquiry and the humongous literature which this war produced is unparalleled in scope. This war affected the whole world at large, while its impact on the participating nations is felt even to this day. In Britain this war was called the People's War and it changed the lives of the men and women and children who lived through it, by altering the political idiom and changing the social landscape. Professor Sonya O. Rose, in her book titled "Which People's War National Identity and Citizenship in Wartime Britain, 1939-1945" gives an account of the general mood of the time and the consensual nature of the general population, who banded together, unmindful of class, gender, age, or political affiliations to defeat the common enemy-Nazi Germany. This war was total in its scope, in that no life was left untouched by the upheavals it caused. Professor Rose, in her work has also placed a great deal of emphasis on the ideal of nationalism which permeated the national consciousness. The Welsh and the Scots, with their strong regional identities joined the war effort but the constant reference to it as England's war, gave rise to the regional aspirations and she notes how the Scottish soldier's keenness to wear a kilt may be construed as an anti-English sentiment, while fighting on the British side. John Stevenson's book on British society (1914 - 45) highlights the salient factors that took place in the society of Britain during the Second World War. Stevenson explores the different periods in British history and presents us with a clear interpretation of many important events and incidents that took place during that time. Some of the topics that he deals with in his book are the ravages of war, women's suffrage and wartime experiences, class system and organized labor in relation to the parliament, the economy and welfare reforms that existed during that period, foreign policy, equal citizenship, gender roles and appeasement of the existing situations. Gender Roles - Women during the war Stevenson's book highlights many of the strongly held beliefs surrounding the war. It tells us of how the greatest source of female employment was domestic service. Despite the fact that most of the women were employed in munitions factories and even though there was a massive escalation in the production of armaments, yet rendering domestic services was a priority in female labor. The role of women underwent the greatest change during this period, and they were called upon to fill up the roles traditionally reserved for men. Carol Harris, in the article "Women under Fire in World War Two," details the duties which women were called upon to perform and the new roles they had to take upon themselves. During World War I, women took up jobs in the essential services so that men could go and fight the war but, in World War II Sir William Beveridge, in a secret report in 1940, clearly spelt out that women would have to be conscripted in the army, although they would not have to bear arms. Women were called u

Risks of youth internet use

Risks of youth internet use MURPHY 1 The internet and various social networking sites, specifically, have seen a surge in activity from adolescents and young adults in the past few years. Individuals, ages ten years old to thirty years old, are the main users of these social networking sites. These same individuals either view or post themselves involved in some kind of challenge game for the amusement of themselves or others. People see these games as fun and entertaining to watch; however, some of these games are very dangerous. Many of these individuals experience peer pressure at the hands of their friends and family to do these challenges. To determine how peer pressure and challenge games affect these people, we must define peer pressure, look at those who are the most susceptible, look at the evolution of these challenge games, and how these games can have detrimental effects on those who engage in them Peer pressure, or peer influence, is the persistent and persuasive verbiage or tactics used by a group of individuals known as a peer group to encourage other individuals to change their values, beliefs, or actions in exchange for acceptance into said peer group. According to Calvà ³-Armengol and Jackson, there are two types of peer pressure. One is positive and the other is negative. In the case of positive pressure, â€Å"the pressure exerted by one agent reduces the cost that other agents face for taking a particular action, thus encouraging other agents to take the action. Essentially, this is like subsidizing other agents’ activity. In the case of negative pressure, the pressure exerted by one agent increases other agents’ costs of not taking an action. That is, one way to encourage an agent to take an action is to make it more costly for him or her not to take the action.† Calvà ³-Armengol and Jackson states that positive and negative peer pressure have m ore nuanced differences and similarities. They also suggest looking at the intentions rather than the actions of the person. However, for the scope of this paper, we will look at the basic definition of negative peer pressure where one agent makes it costly for another agent to not take action. When considering those who are the most susceptible to peer pressure, several areas surface such as the person’s age, gender, socioeconomic status, and the atmosphere at the person’s home. Rihtaric and Kamenov places these factors into four different categories, â€Å"adolescent’s openness to influence, salience of peers who exert pressure, adolescent’s ability or opportunity to perform, and relationship dynamics.† Openness is chiefly a personality trait that determines a person’s willingness to try new things and have new experiences. Being open to influences is not inherently a bad thing; however, if left unmonitored or improperly monitored, the adolescent could experience negative effects in their personalities and their actions. The adolescent being open to influence could result in them being urged and encouraged to act in ways that they would not normally act. Adolescents with low will power will often conform and fall victim to peer pressure. According to Berk, due to school, jobs, and other factors, adolescents spend less time with close family members and more time with their peers. Adolescents often seek intimacy or psychological closeness, loyalty, mutual understandings, beliefs, and feelings from their peers. The peer group, then, strengthens with each criterion that the person meets. With the internet now being no more than a hands reach, finding friends on social networking sites often supplement actual friends. In some cases, to adolescents, these internet relationships are the closest adolescents have to actual friends. In other cases, these cyber friends are just as important as real friends are. Berk states that it is because of this closeness and the need to be close that increases the susceptibility in many adolescents for facing degrading racial and ethnic slurs, potentially harmful social experiences, sexually obscene remarks, and even peer pressure. To find the group that is the most susceptible, you must look at the individual’s attachment style. There are two different forms of attachment, secure and insecure. Those with a secure attachment style seem to have peer relationships that are low in peer pressure. This may be due to the more positive choices and influences that someone with a secure attachment has. â€Å"The results of several studies favor the assumption that susceptibility to peer pressure concerning misconduct could be higher among adolescents with insecure attachment.† (Calvà ³-Armengol Jackson, 2010) Susceptibility increases with the insecure attachment anxious type. For both males and females, susceptibility increases if they have anxiety about their relationships and the group’s perception of them if they do not go along with the crowd. Research has also shown that insecure attachment to peers or parents correlated with high alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and drug abuse among a dolescents. For males, there seems to be more openness to engage in misconduct than their female counterparts. There is an even higher chance to engage in misconduct if the male’s friends ask them to do so. Females are susceptible to peer pressure but not to the extent of males. Essentially, adolescents are the group that is most susceptible to deviant behavior and misconduct because of peer pressure and peer influence. This influence seems to be greater in males than in females. It is even greater if males or females experience anxiety about their social standing in their peer group. Challenge games are tasks where a person or groups of people perform some feat, often of stupidity, for the amusement of themselves and others. The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge is one of the more recent challenge games that brings awareness to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, also known as ALS or Lou Gehrigs disease, which is a debilitating progressive and degenerative neuromuscular disease. In this challenge, people were to record themselves dumping a bucket filled with ice water over themselves and nominating three other friends for the challenge or donating money to the ALS foundation. This fad spread like wildfire and almost every social media outlet filled with ALS Ice Bucket Challenge videos seemingly overnight. People posted these videos so that everybody could see exactly who has to do the challenge next. Those called out might not have had any money to donate or they did not want to be drenched in icy cold water. Those who received the challenge experienced peer pressure to donate or pouring water over their head. The pressure to perform came from them not wanting to seem insensitive to the goal of the ALS ice bucket challenge. Since this challenge was for charity, there was more of a receptive nature having multiple news outlets, athletic teams, schools, musicians, actors, and everybody in between performing the challenge. The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge is a harmless game; however, there are others with a higher chance to cause serious harm. There was the cinnamon challenge where the participant must hold a large amount of cinnamon in their mouths for a certain amount of time. Some people reported respiratory problems because of this game. Another game that many a pressured into is the knockout game. This was showcased in the media because children, most often adolescent males from low socioeconomic statuses and broken homes, in essence stalked a person, waited until it was clear, then ran up behind the person they were stalking and punched them as hard as they could. This often ended in multiple adolescents, predominantly male, going to detainment centers or jail. There are several more games of the likes of the Ice Bucket Challenge, Cinnamon Challenge, and the Knockout Challenge. All of the games vary in degree and severity. It could be as innocent as the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge or as severe as the Knockout Challenge. The common thread in all challenge games is the idea that to be a part of the collective, you must conform or do whatever they ask of you. This is especially hard for young adolescent, females, and especially males, who are the group that is most susceptible to peer pressure and influence. For both men and women, susceptibility to peer pressure often decreases with age and experience. This decrease in susceptibility comes from the development of more warm and positive relationships with people who exhibit low peer pressure abilities.

Jamess Pragmatism and Platos Sophistes Essay -- Pragmatism Sophistes

James's Pragmatism and Plato's Sophistes ABSTRACT: In the first chapter of Pragmatism, William James outlines two philosophical temperaments. He argues that though one's temperament modifies one's way of philosophizing, its presence is seldom recognized. This statement by James led me to Plato's Sophistes, especially the relationship between temperament and being. Although Plato describes certain temperaments, I hold that the main topic is being. The ancients restricted All to real being, e.g., the tangible or the immovable. This reading of the Sophistes puts a different face on the first chapter of Pragmatism. However, if we allow James to speak to present-day philosophers as well as his turn of the century audience, then this reading of the Sophistes will clarify the current philosophical temperament. Neither James nor the contemporary philosopher is satisfied with any restriction on All; for this reason, both lack interest in being. Being, once the richest word, no longer satisfies the philosopher's greedy temperament. Introduction In the first chapter of Pragmatism (2) William James speaks about a rather unusual aspect of philosophy. He gives an outline of two prevailing temperaments in philosophy. 'Temperament', he argues, '...is no conventionally recognized reason [in philosophy]... Yet [a professional philosopher's] temperament really gives him a stronger bias than any of his more strictly premises. ... Yet in the forum he can make no claim, on the bare ground of his temperament, to superior discernment or authority.' (3) James argues that, although one's temperament modifies one's way of philosophizing, its presence is seldom recognized. This statement by James prompted me to the reading of part of Pl... ... 1979) (5) The Greek words on and ousia are both translated as real, real being or reality. (6) Not surprisingly, in the Sophistes as in Pragmatism the fight between the temperaments is claimed to be of all times. (7) His name is not mentioned in the dialogue. (8) Cf. Apology 23c, Theaetetus 168a. (9) Cf. 216a-c, 224e-226a, 233a, 249cd, 253a-254b, 259d. (10) Cf. ai)sxu/vh 230d, ai)sxu/nein (247bc) (11) J. Souilhà ©, Étude sur le terme ΔÎ ¥ÃŽ ÃŽâ€˜ÃŽÅ"IÃŽ £ dans les dialogues de Platon (Paris: Librairie Fà ©lix Alcon, 1919) cf. p. 36, 112, 154 ff.. (12) `Real being ... is always in the same unchanging state ....' (248a) (13) Cf. 258c-259b. (14) W. James, Some Problems of Philosophy: A beginning of an Introduction to Philosophy (New York: Longmans, Green adn Co., 1924) (15) James (1924), p. 37 (16) James (1924), p. 46

The Great Recession of 2008

An economy which grows over a period of time tends to slow down the growth as a part of the normal economic cycle. An economy typically expands for 6-10 years and tends to go into a recession for about six months to 2 years. A recession normally takes place when consumers lose confidence in the growth of the economy and spend less. This leads to a decreased demand for goods and services, which in turn leads to a decrease in production, lay-offs and a sharp rise in unemployment. Investors spend less as they fear stocks values will fall and thus stock markets fall on negative sentiment. The economy and the stock market are closely related. The stock markets reflect the buoyancy of the economy. In the US, a recession is yet to be declared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, but investors are a worried lot. The Indian stock markets also crashed due to a slowdown in the US economy. The Sensex crashed by nearly 13 per cent in just two trading sessions in January. The markets bounced back after the US Fed cut interest rates. However, stock prices are now at a low ebb in India with little cheer coming to investors. The defaults on sub-prime mortgages (homeloan defaults) have led to a major crisis in the US. Sub-prime is a high risk debt offered to people with poor credit worthiness or unstable incomes. Major banks have landed in trouble after people could not pay back loans (See: Subprime pain: Who lost how much) The housing market soared on the back of easy availability of loans. The realty sector boomed but could not sustain the momentum for long, and it collapsed under the gargantuan weight of crippling loan defaults. Foreclosures spread like wildfire putting the US economy on shaky ground. This, coupled with rising oil prices at $100 a barrel, slowed down the growth of the economy. Tax cuts are the first step that a government fighting recessionary trends or a full-fledged recession proposes to do. In the current case, the Bush government has proposed a $150-billion bailout package in tax cuts. The government also hikes its spending to create more jobs and boost the manufacturing and services sectors and to prop up the economy. The government also takes steps to help the private sector come out of the crisis. The US economy has suffered 10 recessions since the end of World War II. The Great Depression in the United was an economic slowdown, from 1930 to 1939. It was a decade of high unemployment, low profits, low prices of goods, and high poverty. The trade market was brought to a standstill, which consequently affected the world markets in the 1930s. Industries that suffered the most included agriculture, mining, and logging. In 1937, the American economy unexpectedly fell, lasting through most of 1938. Production declined sharply, as did profits and employment. Unemployment jumped from 14. 3 per cent in 1937 to 19. 0 per cent in 1938. The US saw a recession during 1982-83 due to a tight monetary policy to control inflation and sharp correction to overproduction of the previous decade. This was followed by Black Monday in October 1987, when a stock market collapse saw the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunge by 22. 6 per cent affecting the lives of millions of Americans. The US saw one of its biggest recessions in 2001, ending ten years of growth, the longest expansion on record. From March to November 2001, employment dropped by almost 1. 7 million. In the 1990-91 recession, the GDP fell 1. 5 per cent from its peak in the second quarter of 1990. The 2001 recession saw a 0. 6 per cent decline from the peak in the fourth quarter of 2000. The dot-com burst hit the US economy and many developing countries as well. The economy also suffered after the 9/11 attacks. In 2001, investors' wealth dwindled as technology stock prices crashed. Indian companies have major outsourcing deals from the US. India's exports to the US have also grown substantially over the years. The India economy is likely to lose between 1 to 2 percentage points in GDP growth in the next fiscal year. Indian companies with big tickets deals in the US would see their profit margins shrinking. The worries for exporters will grow as rupee strengthens further against the dollar. But experts note that the long-term prospects for India are stable. A weak dollar could bring more foreign money to Indian markets. Oil may get cheaper brining down inflation. A recession could bring down oil prices to $70. Between January 2001 and December 2002, the Dow Jones Industrial Average went down by 22. 7 per cent, while the Sensex fell by 14. 6 per cent. If the fall from the record highs reached is taken, the DJIA was down 30 per cent in December 2002 from the highs it hit in January 2000. In contrast, the Sensex was down 45 per cent. The whole of Asia would be hit by a recession as it depends on the US economy. Asia is yet to totally decouple itself (or be independent) from the rest of the world, say experts.

Good Parenting For Dummies Professor Ramos Blog

Good Parenting For Dummies Having a child can be a surprise or a happily planned addition to the family, however, there is always the fear of not raising a child right or of not being a good enough parent. Not many know that this fear stems from either experiencing or witnessing an unhappy childhood. Some mental illnesses such as anxiety and anger can hinder one’s ability as a parent. The best way to prepare for parenthood, so your child stays untouched by dysfunction and abuse, is to heal yourself through behavioral therapy, practicing patience, and expressing your child’s love language. To begin, let’s take a quick look at the brain to explain why some of these behaviors such as anxiety, and anger occur, so that you can then learn how to manage them. Dr. Amen, brain imaging expert and founder of Amen Clinics, writes in his book, â€Å"Change Your Brain Change Your Life,† where these areas of the brain are affected, causing such mental illnesses. The basal ganglia, behind the front of your brain on the left and right side, is involved with forming habits, and mediates pleasure. â€Å"When the basal ganglia are overactive†¦ people are more likely to be overwhelmed by stressful situations,† like disciplining your children or being over worked at your job (Amen 133). In short, if this area is overactive it can cause anxiety, and if it’s under active it causes â€Å"problems with motivation and energy† (Amen 135). He discusses a few ways to help relieve problems with anxiety through; breathing exercises from your diaphragm, guided self-hypnosis, meditation, and finding a purpose or hobby. On the other hand, Anger management issues lie in the temporal lobes that are located behind the eyes on both sides of the brain. It carries the ability and importance â€Å"for the development and maintenance of consistent character† and mood stability (Amen 247). In anger, it can be hard to stop, take a step back and come balk calmly, which is important in parenting because children through all stages tend to test their boundaries. It may be frustrating as a parent, thinking your feelings are ‘all in your head,’ but brain imagery has opened a new world into mental dysfunction. If you are a parent struggling with anger and/or anxiety, to improve the functionality of these two areas of the brain Amen recommends nutritional intervention, rhythmic movement, meaning chanting or dancing, and listening to calm music (Amen 264). John Bradshaw, educator and motivational speaker is a well-known psychologist on family therapy, who focuses on healing your inner child, finding the sources of your toxic shame in order to heal, so that your dysfunction does not hinder your child’s development. In his book, â€Å"Healing the Shame That Binds You,† he speaks of a process involving leaving home, feeling the emotions of shame and then seeking validation. This is so that you may experience corrective processing to move forward (Bradshaw 133). Of course, there are further details into healthy shame and toxic shame, but the main point is that if you don’t change improper behavior it turns family dynamics into compulsive, co-dependent, and/or attention hungry children. Both psychiatrists Dr. Robert Hemfelt and Paul Warren, authors of â€Å"Kids Who Carry Our Pain,† mention how this attention hunger can manifest, how it’s easy to misinterpret.   To understand why your child has become overly ‘needy’ or ‘clingy’ the book, â€Å"Kids Who Carry Our Pain,† explains that â€Å"attention hunger is more than just the need for undivided attention†¦ a need for identity† (Hemfelt Warren 51). This may be a sign of emotional neglect in your child, which is a form of abuse. When abuse is mentioned, it’s not mere physical beatings, but rather its defined by a â€Å"child’s boundaries† being â€Å"violated, or †¦ is prevented from completing a developmental task† (Hemfelt Warren 51). Some believe yelling or even talking down to their children isn’t abuse but this is a child that has â€Å"no way of escape and no way to process† your message (Hemfelt Warren 55). Then that child â€Å"swallows everything whole and internalizes it,† causing a child’s attention hunger (Hemfelt Warren 55). This is where Gary Chapman and Ross Campbel ls parenting book, â€Å"The Five Love Languages of Children† comes to light. In their book, Chapman and Campbell reference a child’s emotional ‘love tank,’ how â€Å"speaking your child’s own love language† can fill his tank, making it easier â€Å"to discipline and train† your child (Chapman Campbell 17). In short, they are explaining that when a child feels loved, a ‘no matter what’ kind of love, they are better learners and develop maturity. Chapman and Campbell offer some reminders to help: â€Å"1. They are children. 2. They will tend to act like children. 3. Much childish behavior is unpleasant† (21). These are reminders when it is easy to forget that everything you do influences your child. Patience can go along way, to show a child an unconditional, love. All individuals differ in how they feel loved. In Chapman and Campbells book, they speak of five main â€Å"languages† of love. To start, the love language known as physical touch, is the most obvious way to feel love from another. Kissing, hugging, and holding your child is a real fundamental backbone of parenting (33). Communicating to your child is also important, using words of affection, endearment, praise, encouragement, and guidance all lead to the language of words of affirmation (Chapman Campbell 46-52). With this, the only way to speak to your child is to spend quality time with them, creating an environment for eye contact, storytelling and deep conversation. This will make them feel more secure and safe to come to you for advice or help (Chapman Campbell 62-63). A more difficult one, is gifts, because they can be misinterpreted as being â€Å"conditionally given† (Chapman Campbell 73). To be sure that your gifts are not payments nor substitutes for other love languages. Lastly, are acts of service, meaning the things you do for your child. Also, making sure to only do what your child cannot do for themselves, so they may be taught how to self-care (Chapman Campbell 85). These unconditional feelings make way for a clear healthy teaching path for children to become independent and kind. Other key factors found in more modern research for child-rearing. Boosting your child’s self-esteem, will help them find their own independent identity. At the same time, medical experts in KidsHealth wrote in the article â€Å"Nine Steps to More Effective Parenting† that a parent must â€Å"set limits and be consistent with your discipline† (paragraph 9). Meaning, for example, do not confuse your child by giving them ice cream right after being scolded for writing on the wall with sharpie. This sends mixed messages to your child, frustrating them to act out in rage. Most importantly, however, is the warning that you, as a parent, must know your own limitations. In short, meaning not to over-extend yourself, instead keep normal expectations so no anxiety becomes overwhelming. Obviously, there are more details regarding different ages in reference to the parent adjusting accordingly. Therapy is always recommended for traumas involving abuse and parenting classes, in order to receive a positive support system to relive stress. If you follow steps to healing, for sure those toxic behaviors will not carry to the next generation. Loving your child unconditionally and patiently, your child will grow into a mature, appropriately developed healthy individual. To clarify, being a good parent requires heeling and understanding of yourself, so that you can speak your child’s love languages. Amen, Daniel. Change Your Brain, Change Your Life: The Breakthrough Program for Conquering Anxiety, Depression, Obsessiveness, Lack of Focus, Anger and Memory Problems. Harmony Books, 1998. Bradshaw, John. Bradshaw on: Healing the Shame That Binds you. Florida, Health Communications Inc., 1988. Bradshaw, John. Bradshaw on: The Family: A revolutionary way of self-discovery. Florida, Health Communications Inc., 1988. Campbell, Ross and Chapman, Gary. The Five Love Languages of Children. Chicago, Moody Press, 1997. Hemfelt, Robert and Warren, Paul. Kids Who Carry Our Pain: Breaking the Cycle of Co-dependency for the Next Generation. Nashville, Thomas Nelson Inc., 1990. â€Å"Nine Steps to More Effective Parenting (for Parents).† Edited by KidsHealth Medical Experts,Nine Steps to More Effective Parenting, The Nemours Foundation, kidshealth.org/en/parents/nine-steps.html.

Low-Cost Gift Ideas for College Students

Low-Cost Gift Ideas for College Students If youre like most college students, buying gifts present a complicated dilemma: Youd like to give nice presents but you are, after all, a college student trying to live on a budget. So how can you balance wanting to give nice presents with the limits of your bank account? Luckily, there are ways to give low-cost gifts without coming across as cheap. 8 Low-Cost Gift Ideas for College Students Print out and frame a nice picture. With everything being digital these days, try to remember the last time someone gave you a printed-out picture that you can hang on your wall and how nice that present was (or would be!). If youre really short on cash, print something at the highest quality available on your printer and make a nice frame to match. Give a simple college-themed gift. While the $60 sweatshirts in the campus bookstore are pretty nice, they might also be out of your budget. See what else you can find that celebrates your time in school while costing a little less. Keychains, bumper stickers, t-shirts on the clearance rack (will your cousin really know?), plastic cups, and lots of other presents can be had for under $10 and even under $5, if you really spend some time looking. Give the gift of time. Money may be in tight supply for you, but time may not be especially if you need a gift for the holidays when youre home on break. Consider planning a nice walk with your mom, ​volunteering with your dad, hanging out with your friend at his work one afternoon, or even babysitting for your parents so they can get some time to themselves. Make something from scratch. Nearly everyone has some kind of creative talent. Think about what you do best and run with it. Can you write a few poems? Paint a picture? Mold something out of clay? Take some awesome photographs? Make something from wood? Write a song? Record yourself singing your mothers favorite tunes? Dont sell yourself short as a great source of gifts you can make completely on your own. Put together a piece of your life at college. It doesnt have to be fancy to be effective. If, say, your grandmother never had the chance to go to college, put together a shadow box or collage of images from your time in school. You can collect things like stickers, fall leaves, a page from the course catalog, or articles from the school paper to give her a piece of what your college life is like. Make a memory box for an old friend or family member. You can probably find a nice little box somewhere on campus or at a local big box or drug store. Cut up some nice pieces of paper and write a cherished memory of you and the person youre giving your gift to; fold them over once or twice; Then write a nice card that explains the gift and says how often they can unwrap one of the little memories in the box (once a week? once a month?) It can be a great trip down memory lane for you and a very personal, meaningful gift for an old friend or beloved family member. Frame a design you make. Who says only a photograph can go in a picture frame? Start with a piece of paper and get creative. Print or cut out quotes about the importance of education, snip headlines from your school paper, take (or sketch) a picture of your school as long as you put together something with a similar theme (e.g., your campus), its hard to make a homemade gift like this look bad. Let your creativity flow without worrying about the cost. Switch up a usual gift into something different. Dinner and a movie is a pretty classic gift for a girlfriend, boyfriend, or even a parents birthday. But if your money is tight, you can switch things up to have an equally good time without the high cost. Consider, for example, going to breakfast and a movie. The food bill will be cheaper, your movie will likely be a matinee (and cheaper than an evening film), and you and the person you take will have a unique experience, too.

IT utsurcing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

IT utsurcing - Essay Example Th rsrch bjctivs r t msur th incidnc f utsurcing mng ustrlin firms, idntify th functins utsurcd, th rsns why mngrs cnsidrd utsurcing, th csts nd bnfits f utsurcing, pssibl chngs in mds f nd mtivtins fr utsurcing nd fctrs tht r sscitd with succssful utsurcing rrngmnts. Th ppr is structurd s tht bth thrticl pprch twrd IT utsurcing nd its bnfits nd prcticl implictin nd rcmmndtins fr ustrlin IT utsurcing prtins wr xplrd. Th trms utsurcing nd insurcing d nt cptur th cmplxity f surcing ptins vilbl n th mrkt plc. Thr r svrl txnmis f surcing dcisins tht hv bn dptd. ur rsrch distinguishs mng thr: Ttl utsurcing: th dcisin t trnsfr IS ssts, lss, stff, nd mngmnt rspnsibility fr dlivry f IS srvics frm n intrnl IS functin t singl third prty vndr which rprsnts mr thn 80 pr cnt f th IS budgt; Ttl Insurcing: th dcisin t rtin th mngmnt nd prvisin f mr thn 80 pr cnt f th IS budgt intrnlly ftr vluting th IS srvics mrkt; Slctiv Surcing: th dcisin t surc slctd IS functins frm xtrnl prvidr(s) whil still prviding btwn 20 pr cnt nd 80 pr cnt f th IS budgt intrnlly. This strtgy my includ singl r multipl vndrs (mbrsi, 2001). Trnsitinl utsurcing invlvs th migrtin frm n tchnlgicl pltfrm t nthr. Such trnsitinl utsurcing hs thr phss: ( ) mngmnt f th lgcy systms; ( b ) trnsitin t th nw tchnlgy/systm; nd ( c ) stbilistin nd mngmnt f th nw pltfrm. ny n r ll f ths thr phss culd b turnd vr t third prty prvidr. Businss prcss utsurcing i... ny n r ll f ths thr phss culd b turnd vr t third prty prvidr. Businss prcss utsurcing is rltivly nw utsurcing rrngmnt. It rfrs t n utsurcing rltinship whr third prty prvidr is rspnsibl fr prfrming n ntir businss functin fr th clint rgnistin. ccrding t Millr (1994), numbr f industris r cnsidring businss prcssing utsurcing; in prticulr, gvrnmnt, finncil srvics (bnks nd insurnc cmpnis), hlth cr, trnsprttin, nd lgistics. Trgtd srvics includ htlins, hlp dsks, cll cntrs, clims mngmnt, nd dcumnt prcssing. Businss bnfit cntrcting is ls rltivly rcnt phnmnn. It rfrs t 'cntrctul grmnt tht dfins th vndr's cntributin t th clint in trms f spcific bnfits t th businss nd dfins th pymnt th custmr will mk bsd upn th vndr's bility t dlivr ths bnfits. Th gl is t mtch ctul csts with ctul bnfits nd t shr th risks.' Givn th risks sscitd with trditinl utsurcing, thr is cnsidrbl intrst in this frm f utsurcing. Millr nts, hwvr, tht whil businss bnfit cntrcting is frquntly usd in th mrkting f utsurcing srvics by third prty prvidrs, it typiclly is nt ctully dptd bcus f th difficulty sscitd with msuring bnfits. Bnchmrking in this r is prticulrly prblmtic. Bcus vndr rvnu nd mrgin ptntil r dirctly tid t th bnchmrks, it is nt surprising tht gtting grmnt by bth prtis n th bnchmrks prvs spcilly thrny. In ustrli, ppulr discussin f th grwing mrkt in utsurcing infrmtin tchnlgy (IT) hs bn spurrd by dcisins f svrl lrg cmpnis nd th ustrlin gvrnmnt t utsurc IT prtins. Th srvics in ustrlin IT utsurcing mk up t 38 prcnt f th ttl IT mrkt. Rsrch grup Grtnr rprtd tht th ustrlin IT srvics mrkt is wrth US$5.5 billin (Hubr, 2002). Th utsurcing in th cuntry is still ky drivr f th IT srvics sctr s wll s mngd srvics in rs

Lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Lab Report Example This time, put a known weight of 200 grams on one end and an unknown weight on the other, and slide the clamp bearing the known weight until equilibrium is reached. Put on record the positions of both weights and weigh the one with unknown mass. One such instance of applying equilibrium of rigid body is when one desires to find the mass or weight of an object given masses of other materials that can be put on balance and adjusted to equilibrium. For instance, a setup where the shaft, lever, and handle are welded together which can be worked by modifying forces on certain regions so as to facilitate or prevent rotation of the rigid structure. (1) Compute the weight of the meter stick from the data of Procedure 4 by the method of moments. Compare your result with that obtained by direct weighing of the stick. In particular, note whether the two measurements agree within the errors associated with each. (2) Using the point of support as the axis in Procedure 5, compute the moment of force of each of the weights and also of the meter stick, assuming its weight to be concentrated at its center of gravity. Add all these moments together, paying attention to their algebraic signs. Compare this net torque with zero, noting in particular whether zero lies within the error associated with your result. Solution: Using torque (Ï„) = force * distance for each moment about the new point of balance where forces to the left of the balance point may be treated with negative moments and forces to the right of such point with positive moments by convention, then (3) Compute the weight of the body used in Procedure 6 by the method of moments. Compare the measured weight of this body with the computed weight, noting in particular whether the two weights agree within the experimental errors involved. In the experiment, the summation of forces exerted by the weights, the support clamp, as well as